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Home Products Custom 465 Stainless Steel (UNS S46500 / X1CrNiMoAlTi12-11-2)

Custom 465 Stainless Steel (UNS S46500 / X1CrNiMoAlTi12-11-2)

S46500 (Custom 465) is a vacuum-refined precipitation-hardening stainless steel. After aging heat treatment, it provides high strength, excellent toughness, and good corrosion resistance.
Even in the high-strength condition, the material maintains good dimensional stability and processing adaptability, making it suitable for aerospace and other high-end engineering applications.

ASTM A693：
Standard Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
ASTM F899：
Standard Specification for Wrought Stainless Steels for Surgical Instruments
ASTM A564：
Standard Specification for Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes

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Chemical Composition

Element	C	Mn	P	S	Si	Cr	Ni	Mo	Ti	N	Fe
Content (%)	≤0.02	≤0.25	≤0.015	≤0.010	≤0.25	11.00-12.50	10.75-11.25	0.75-1.25	1.50-1.80	≤0.01	Balance

Heat Treatment Conditions and Mechanical Properties

Solution Treatment

Condition	Heating Temperature	Holding Time（h）	Tensile Strength (MPa)	Yield Strength (MPa)	Elongation（4D）	Reduction of Area（%）	Hardness (HRC)
Solution Annealed	1800 ± 25 °F /980 ± 15 °C	1	/	/	/	/	≤36

Aging Treatment

Condition	Heating Temperature	Holding Time（h）	Tensile Strength (MPa)	Yield Strength (MPa)	Elongation（4D）	Reduction of Area（%）	Hardness (HRC)
Aged	950°F/510°C	4	≥1655	≥1515	10	45	≥47
Aged	1000°F/540℃	4	≥1515	≥1380	10	50	≥45
Aged	1025°F/560°C	4	≥1450	≥1345	12	50	≥44
Aged	1050°F/565°C	4	≥1380	≥1280	13	50	≥43
CW 1⁄2hard +aging	890°F/475°C	1	≥1690	≥1500	6	/	≥48
CW full hard+aging	890°F/475°C	1	≥2205	≥2005	2	/	≥55

Supply Forms

Available Form	Size Range	Surface Finish	Length (Customizable)	Tolerance (Customizable)	Delivery Condition
Plate	T0.5-T200.0mm	Milled	L:200/250/300W:200/300/500/1000	-0.0/+1.0mm	Solution Annealed
Bar	φ1.0-φ200.0mm	Ground / Precision Ground	3M/PCS	h6-h9	Solution Annealed
Wire	φ1.0-φ3.0mm	Ground / Precision Ground	1M/PCS	h6-h9	Solution Annealed
Tube	OD：1.0-10.0mmID:0.08mm-2.0mm	Ground / Precision Ground	3M/PCS	h6-h9	Solution Annealed

Datasheet

Additional Info

A Brief History of Custom 465 Stainless Steel

Custom 465 stainless steel, also known as S465, UNS S46500 or X1CrNiMoAlTi12-11-2, is a martensitic precipitation-hardening stainless steel developed by Carpenter Technology.

It was developed following Custom 455 and 13-8. The aim of its development was not simply to create a stronger precipitation-hardening stainless steel, but to address a more practical issue: certain small components require high strength whilst retaining sufficient toughness, and must maintain dimensional stability following heat treatment.

Custom 465 can be understood as a higher-strength material succeeding Custom 455, but it cannot simply be said to be a complete replacement for Custom 455. Under the same 950°F / 510°C aged condition, the tensile strength of Custom 465 can reach over 1655 MPa, whilst that of Custom 455 is approximately 1515 MPa or higher. Custom 465 has a tensile strength approximately 140 MPa higher than Custom 455, a yield strength approximately 100 MPa higher, and a hardness approximately 3 HRC higher.

This difference is significant for pins, shaft components, drive components, fastening-related parts and drive system components. Such parts are typically small in size but must bear loads. If the material strength is insufficient, the parts may bend or deform; if the material is too brittle, the parts may crack.

How was the Custom 465 developed

Custom 465 was developed to meet the requirements of components for which Custom 455, 17-4PH or 13-8 lacked sufficient strength or safety margins.

When aged for 4 hours at 950°F / 510°C, Custom 465 achieves a tensile strength of over 1655 MPa, a yield strength of over 1515 MPa, and a hardness of over 47 HRC. At the same time, it retains an elongation of 10% and a reduction of area of 45%. This indicates that it is not only high-strength but also retains a certain degree of ductility in load-bearing precision components.

If a project requires even higher strength, a cold-worked and aged condition can be employed. In the ‘full hard’ condition followed by ageing at 890°F / 475°C for 1 hour, Custom 465 achieves a tensile strength of over 2205 MPa, a yield strength of over 2005 MPa, and a hardness of over 55 HRC. However, in this condition, elongation drops to 2%, so it is more suitable for components where extremely high strength is prioritised over ductility.

Its corrosion resistance stems from the stainless steel alloy design incorporating chromium, nickel and molybdenum. Whilst it is not suitable for severe corrosive environments, compared to standard high-strength alloy steels, Custom 465 is better suited for aerospace components, medical instruments, shaft components, pins and precision parts that require a certain level of corrosion resistance.

Early applications of Custom 465

Custom 465 was initially used for components where early PH stainless steels lacked sufficient strength.

Early applications included aerospace hardware, fastening-related components, landing gear parts, drive system components, structural fasteners, precision shafts, pins and medical instrument components.

The causes of failure in these components were often practical: bent pins, cracked shafts, insufficient strength at threaded locations, or dimensional changes in small-section components following heat treatment.

Custom 465 was developed specifically for such scenarios. It offers high strength whilst being better suited than purely high-hardness materials for precision components requiring control over cracking, fatigue and dimensional changes.

Current applications of Custom 465

Custom 465 stainless steel is primarily used for small, precision components requiring high strength, usable toughness, corrosion resistance and stability after ageing.

Common applications include:

Aerospace: Fastening-related components, drive system parts, pins, landing gear components, structural fasteners, transmission components and high-load precision parts.

Medical instruments and device components: Surgical instrument components, orthopaedic instrument components, dental instrument parts, drill bits, drive tools, guide pins, micro-shafts and reusable instrument components. Custom 465 is better suited to instrument and device components and is not recommended as the material of choice for implant applications.

Mechanical engineering: Precision shaft components, pins, coupling components, high-strength machined parts, gripper connecting pins, transmission components and small load-bearing parts.

Industrial applications: Pump shafts, valve-related components, high-strength fasteners, precision motion components, wear-resistant parts, spring-related components, and small mechanical parts subjected to loads or repetitive motion.

Custom 465 is not typically the preferred choice for low-cost machined parts, harsh corrosive environments, or projects where 17-4PH, Custom 455 or softer stainless steels already meet the requirements.

Sunxin’s Custom 465 Stainless Steel Supply Support

Sunxin supplies Custom 465 stainless steel in sheet, bar, wire and tube forms, as well as custom cut sizes.

Sheet is available in thicknesses from 0.5 mm to 200.0 mm, with a mill-finished surface and supplied in a solution-annealed condition. Bar is available in diameters from 1.0 mm to 200.0 mm, with surface finishes of ground or precision ground, and tolerance options of h6–h9.

Wire is available from Φ1.0 mm to Φ3.0 mm. Tubing is available with an outer diameter (OD) of 1.0–10.0 mm and an inner diameter (ID) of 0.08–2.0 mm.

Sunxin is certified to the ISO 13485 and ISO 9001 quality management systems and supports batch management, traceability control, inspection coordination and quality documentation management.

Prior to production, it is recommended to confirm the ageing condition, target hardness, dimensions, tolerances, surface finish, inspection items and quality documentation.

Whether your project requires aerospace components, surgical instrument parts, guide pins, micro-shafts, drill bits, power tools, precision shaft components or high-strength industrial parts, Sunxin can assist customers in selecting the appropriate material form and delivery condition.

FAQs

Product FAQs

When should Custom 465 stainless steel be chosen?

If a part requires high strength after ageing, Custom 465 should be considered. In the aged condition at 950°F, Custom 465 achieves a tensile strength of ≥1655 MPa, a yield strength of ≥1515 MPa, and a hardness of ≥47 HRC.

Why choose Custom 465 over Custom 455?

Custom 465 should be considered when parts require higher strength or a greater safety margin than Custom 455. In the 950°F aged condition, Custom 465 has a tensile strength of ≥1655 MPa and a yield strength of ≥1515 MPa. For small-sized parts, those subject to high loads, or those with stringent safety requirements, Custom 465 is a more suitable choice.

Why choose Custom 465 rather than 17-4PH?

17-4PH is a commonly used PH stainless steel suitable for many high-strength components. Custom 465 is better suited to applications requiring higher strength and hardness. In the 950°F aged condition, Custom 465 has a hardness of ≥47 HRC, making it more suitable for precision components with demanding requirements.

Is Custom 465 solely for the sake of strength?

No. The 950°F age-hardened condition offers higher strength and hardness, but age-hardening at 1025°F or 1050°F is better suited for balancing strength with ductility. In the 1050°F age-hardened condition, Custom 465 still maintains a tensile strength of ≥1380 MPa and a yield strength of ≥1280 MPa, whilst the elongation increases to 13%.

What is the difference between 950°F and 1050°F ageing?

950°F ageing is suitable for components where strength and hardness are the primary priorities. In this condition, tensile strength is ≥1655 MPa, yield strength is ≥1515 MPa, elongation is 10%, and hardness is ≥47 HRC. At 1050°F, the tensile strength is reduced to ≥1380 MPa and the yield strength to ≥1280 MPa, but the elongation is increased to 13%.

When should the cold-worked and aged condition be selected?

If a component requires higher strength and a lower elongation is acceptable, the cold-worked and aged condition may be considered. In the 1/2 hard + aging condition, the tensile strength is ≥1690 MPa and the yield strength is ≥1500 MPa. In the “Full hard + aging” condition, the tensile strength is ≥2205 MPa, the yield strength is ≥2005 MPa, and the hardness is ≥55 HRC, but the elongation is only 2%.

Should Custom 465 be purchased in the solution-annealed condition or the aged condition?

If the part requires further machining or post-processing, the solution-annealed condition is recommended. In the solution-annealed condition, Custom 465 has a hardness of ≤36 HRC, offering better machinability. If the final strength or hardness is already specified, the aged condition at 950°F, 1000°F, 1025°F or 1050°F may be considered.

Is Custom 465 easy to machine?

Custom 465 is easier to machine prior to ageing. After ageing, particularly at 950°F or in cold-worked and aged conditions, the material’s strength and hardness increase significantly, making machining more difficult. For precision components, we recommend confirming the machining process first, before finalising the delivery condition.

In what forms can Sunxin supply Custom 465?

Sunxin can supply Custom 465 in sheet, bar, wire and tube forms. Dimensions range from sheet thicknesses of T0.5–T200.0 mm, bar diameters of φ1.0–φ200.0 mm, wire diameters of φ1.0–φ3.0 mm, and tube outer diameters (OD) of 1.0–10.0 mm.

What information is required when requesting a quote for Custom 465?

We recommend providing the material grade, applicable standards, product form, dimensions, tolerances, quantity, delivery condition, target strength or hardness, testing documentation requirements and end application. If drawings or technical specifications are available, Sunxin can assist in determining whether Custom 465 is suitable for the project.